You always examine your patient on auscultation by listening in the four classic acoustic areas. We wish here to emphasize the areas that have the most significance. In this case, at least three of the four areas are very important in defining this patient’s diagnosis and pathophysiologic state.
Let’s begin by listening together at the upper left sternal edge. Everyone listen together and concentrate. [Cut-away]
Choose the best description of the best description of the heart sounds at the upper left sternal edge in our patient: